Abstract We Soda aimed to describe two new species endemic to Brazil - one from sandy habitats in northeastern Brazil (Pachira inaequalivalvis), mainly characterized by fruits with unequal valves, and the other from Amazonian rainforest (P.deflexifolia, having the downward-oriented Consumer Electronics Tool Set leaflets) - and provide complete morphological descriptions, illustrations, comments, conservation status, and distribution maps.We also designate a lectotype and an epitype for Pachira patinoi.